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Jeff Sanders
Garmin GPS Navigation Systems
www.GpsFrontier.com
04/05/09

WAAS GPS System

WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) was developed by the Administration Federal Aviation Administration to increase the global positioning system to improve the accuracy, integrity and availability. WAAS was originally designed to allow aircraft that rely on GPS for all phases of flight, including precision approach to the airport's catchment area. The WAAS system provides generally better than 1.0 meters laterally and 1.5 meters vertically throughout most of the contiguous United States and much of Canada and Alaska. This precision is capable of maintaining aircraft the precision needed for safe navigation and flight training in all weather conditions. WAAS Integrity of information is no more than 3 seconds incorrect year allows the system is considered safe by the FAA regulation instrument flight.

Although originally developed for aviation, WAAS is not limited to the aviation industry, a GPS receiver that is capable WAAS signal reception to benefit from the correction of data, making it precise GPS positioning. In fact, a WAAS-enabled GPS receiver can even give directions to the path of your vehicle is in (as the mapping program supports the "way to help" directions). Because the wide Area Augmentation System is rapidly becoming the standard in the GPS industry, most of new GPS receivers are compatible with WAAS. As with the conventinal GPS, WAAS does not come with additional costs or charges for use. All that is required is that the receiver WAAS GPS is so they can receive and decode the data then able to apply corrections to your position. The service currently is limited WAAS to USA Canada, Alaska and Hawaii. Although independent of WAAS, Europe and Asia working on their own GPS systems further correction. Europe has the Euro navigation Geostationary Overlay Service (EGNOS) and Japan working in their "Multi-Functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS).

How the system works WAAS

WAAS uses a network of about 25 ground-based reference stations of large area (WRS) in North America and Hawaii, for measuring small variations in the GPS satellite signals in the Western Hemisphere. These records of ground stations monitor and collect information on GPS signals and send data at three stations, wide-area teacher (WMS). The WMS generates two types of corrections: fast and slow. The fast corrections are rapidly changing errors are a major concern for the position of the GPS satellites and clock errors instantly. These corrections are independent of the user's position, which means it can be applied immediately by any receiver in the field of broadcasting WAAS. The corrections are slow to ephemeric information on long-term estimates the clock error and ionospheric delay.

Once these corrections are generated, the master stations are sent to two pairs earth station uplink (GUS), which convey messages of correction in a series of geostationary satellites that broadcast data correction to Earth. Then, WAAS GPS receivers use this information to make corrections to the original WAAS-enabled GPS signial give clearer GPS receiver position. Using the GPS receiver The information transmitted by each GPS satellite to determine its location and current time. According to the GPS device, a GPS receiver need receive a satellite signal 3-4 (of 31 satellites currently transmitting a signal for civilian users) to calculate its position. In addition to the signal GPS, WAAS-enabled GPS receiver can receive signals from the WAAS geostationary satellites.

The two different types of messages when WAAS (slow and fast) are used by the GPS receiver in different ways. The fast correction rate correction data includes satellite positioning data and clock to determine their current location using GPS standard calculations. Once an adjustment was the approximate location of the GPS receiver starts using slow corrections improve accuracy. The data correction includes the slow ionospheric delay. When the signal moves from a GPS satellite receiver, which passes through the ionosphere. The receiver calculates the position in the signal penetrated the ionosphere and if she received an ionospheric delay value for that location, correct the error that has created the ionosphere. Unlike the data quickly slow data should not be updated frequently due to the conditions of the ionosphere does not change quickly. Although the data can be slow refresh every minute if necessary, are only updated every two minutes and is valid for a maximum of six minutes.

Limitations of the WAAS

(1) WAAS is currently only available in the U.S. and large parts of Canada and Alaska, but there are plans to extend the system to other countries and continents (2). Because the satellite broadcasting causes WAAS satellites geostationary satellites, to be less than 10 degrees above the horizon of the sites north of 71.4 ° latitude. This means that aircraft in areas of Alaska, in May or in northern Canada are struggling to maintain a lock on the WAAS signal. (3) compute an ionospheric delay point, this should be between a satellite and a reference station. The low number of satellites and ground stations limit the number of points that can be calculated. (4) conducting Aircraft Approaches must be certified WAAS GPS receivers.

Jeff Sanders
Garmin GPS Navigation Systems
href = "http://www.GpsFrontier.com" target = "_blank"> www.GpsFrontier.com
04/05/09

About the Author:

With a passion for GPS systems, as well as all electronic devices and a curious nature to find out how they work, I was taking things apart and putting them back together again at an early age.

Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – WAAS-Enabled GPS System

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